The three judges who made the decision hail from Benin, France, and Slovenia, but were elected by all 124 member states of the ICC and went through a rigorous vetting process. Their months-long deliberations included engaging with the Israeli government and assessing its claim that its own courts could handle the matter.

The court accused Benjamin Netanyahu and his former defense minister of having “intentionally and knowingly deprived” Gaza’s population of food, water, fuel and medicine.